The Difference Between HIV and AIDS: What You Need to Know

The HIV virus (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) and AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) are closely related but are not the same thing. Understanding the difference is important for awareness and prevention. What is HIV? HIV is a virus that attacks the human immune system, particularly the CD4 lymphocytes, which are critical for the body’s defense. The virus is mainly transmitted through sexual contact, sharing contaminated needles, or from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding. What is AIDS? AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection, when the immune system is severely damaged and the body cannot fight opportunistic infections or certain types of cancer. Not everyone with HIV develops AIDS, especially with modern treatments. Key Differences HIV is the virus that causes the infection, while AIDS is the syndrome that develops if the infection progresses untreated. The time between HIV infection and the development of AIDS can vary greatly, especially if proper treatment is received. With early and consistent treatment, most people with HIV can live normal lives and never develop AIDS. Note Early diagnosis and proper medical care are critical. If you have questions or concerns, always consult a healthcare professional.